ブックタイトル明星大学 心理学年報 第32号

概要

明星大学 心理学年報 第32号

6明星大学心理学年報2014年第32号mately 45 cm from the monitor. The experimenterinstructed participants to press theL keywith theirright index finger upon the appearance of emotionallypositive pictures and to press the S key withtheir left index finger upon the appearance of emotionallynegative pictures. The need for speed andaccuracy in responding was stressed. Followinginstruction, a practice block consisting of 16 trialsbegan, in which each of the four filler picturesappeared individually four times in random order.Each picture remained on the monitor until participantspressed the correct key.Following completion of the practice block, sixmain blocks began,asshowninTable1.Priortothestart ofeach ofthesix blocks,thetarget pictureforthe block appeared on the monitor. The experimenterinstructed participants to respond to picturesas they had in the practice block, with theexception ofthetarget picture.That is,theyweretoignore the original emotional valence of the targetpicturein thefollowing block and regard thetargetpicture as a positiveor negativepicturethroughouttheblock.Theoriginal and converted valenceofthetarget in each block are shown in Table 1. Forexample, in the instructions for Block 2, participantswereinstructed to ignoretheoriginal positivevalence of the target picture (the emotionally positivepicture of a kitten)and treat the target pictureas an emotionally negative picture throughoutBlock 2 trials.Thus,participants were to press theS key (negative key) upon the appearance of thetarget picturethat originallyhad positiveemotionalvalence. The experimenter instructed participantsto memorize the target picture and its convertedvalence, then start the main block by pressing thespacekeyimmediatelyafter memorizing thetarget.In each main block, a target picture appeared 10times, and each of the four filler pictures appearedfour times.Therefore,each main block consisted of26 trials.The order ofthe26trials was randomizedfor each participant with the restriction that identicalpictures did not appear in succession. On eachtrial,pictures remained on themonitor until participantspressed the correct key; key presses andresponse latencies were recorded in ms. The intertrialinterval was 500ms,and therewere20-s intervalsbetween main trials.Participants completed allsix main blocks according to the instructions thatappeared on the monitor.. Participants were seated in front of amonitor in an identical manner to the FUMIE test.The experimenter informed participants that foreach trial,two pictures would appear on the monitorindividually and in succession. The experimenterinstructed participants to judge the emotionalconsistencyof the two pictures and press theL keyin consistent cases and theS keyin inconsistentcases. The need for speed and accuracy in respondingwas stressed. The practice block beganshortlyafter theinstruction and comprised 16trialsconsisting of two filler pictures. On each practiceblock trial,a filler picture appeared on themonitoras thefirst pictureand remained on thescreen for 1s,followedbyadifferent fillerpicturethat appearedas the second picture,which remained on the monitoruntil participants pressed the correct key. Participantsjudged the emotional consistency of thetwo pictures and pressed the L or S keyas quicklyand preciselyas possible.The emotional valenceofthefirst and second pictures was consistent in eighttrials and inconsistent in eight trials. Each of thefour filler pictures appeared eight times. The presentationof the 16 practice blocks was randomizedfor each participant. Inter-trial intervals were 250ms.The main blocks started shortly after the end ofthe practice block. As in the main blocks of theFUMIE test, there were six main blocks (Table 1).Beforethestart ofeach block,thetarget pictureforthe block appeared on the monitor. For each mainblock, the experimenter instructed participants tojudge the emotional consistencyof the two picturesin the same manner as they had in the practiceblock,with theexception ofthetarget picture.Asinthe main blocks of the FUMIE test, the experimenterinstructed participants to convert the emotionalvalence of the target picture (to positive ornegative, as directed). The original and convertedvalence of the target in each main block are shownin Table 1.Participants began each main block by