ブックタイトル明星大学 心理学年報 第32号

概要

明星大学 心理学年報 第32号

16明星大学心理学年報2014年第32号showed extremelysmall standard deviations;therefore,it was inferred that ratings did not reflectparticipants’individual differences.Hence,it wouldbedifficult to comparethecriterion-relatedvalidityof the SECT with the IAT using the results of thesingle regression analyses in the present study.Thepresent studywas at least able to concludethat theSECT showed minimum validity, because it wasable to discriminate between emotionally positive,neutral,and negativetarget picturestosomeextent;however, further investigation into the validity oftheSECT is needed in futureresearch.Inparticular,future research should investigate correlationsbetween SECT attitude scores and self-report measureson pictorial attitudinal objects with higherindividual differences.Although the validity of the SECT was not fullyinvestigated in the present study, the experimentsdemonstrated that theSECT has a remarkablyhighsplit-half reliability ranging from .64 to .75. Thesereliabilitycoefficients arecloseto theIAT,which isknown to show exceptionally high reliability withrespect to indirect measures(Bosson et al.,2000).Asnoted, an emotional priming paradigm has beenused to measure attitudes toward pictorial objects,but it wasreportedthat thisparadigm demonstratedan extremely low split-half reliability (Olson, &Fazio,2003).Another indirect attitude measure,theExtrinsic Affective Simon Task, has also been reportedto displayunstablesplit-halfreliabilityrangingfrom -.20 to .63 (De Houwer & De Bruycker,2007).TherelativelyhigherreliabilitiesoftheSECTindicate that it could potentially be an attitudemeasureto replacetheemotional priming paradigmand other indirect measures in examining attitudestoward pictorial objects.In conclusion,the present studyclarified that theSECT was a superior indirect attitude measure forpictorial objects compared with the FUMIE test,and showed remarkablyhigh reliabilityfor indirectmeasures.It was demonstrated that theSECT coulddifferentiate between emotionally positive,neutral,and negative pictures;however, detailed investigationof validity was not conducted in the presentstudy.Futureresearchshouldconcentrateontestingthe criterion-related validity of the SECT.ReferencesBanse,R.,Seise,J.,& Zerbes,N. (2001). Implicitattitudes towards homosexuality: Reliability,validity, and controllability of the IAT. Zeitschriftfu?r Experimentelle Psychologie, 48,145-160.Bargh,J.A.,Chaiken,S.,Govender,R.,& Pratto,F.(1992). The generality of the automatic attitudeactivation effect. Journal of Personality andSocial Psychology, 62, 893-912.Bosson, J. K., Swann, W. B. Jr., & Pennebaker, J.W. (2000). Stalking the perfect measure ofimplicit self-esteem:The blind men and the elephantrevisited? Journal of Personality andSocial Psychology, 79 ,631-643.Dasgupta, N., McGhee, D. E., Greenwald, A. G., &Banaji,M.R. (2000). Automatic preference forwhite Americans: Ruling out the familiarityeffect. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology,36,316-328.De Houwer, J., & De Bruycker, E. (2007). Theimplicit association test outperforms theextrinsicaffective Simon task as an implicit measure ofinter-individual differences in attitudes. BritishJournal of Social Psychology, 46,401-421.Dijksterhuis,A.,Albers,L.W.,& Bongers,K.C.A.(2009). Digging for the real attitude. In R. E.Petty,R.H.Fazio,& Brinol, P.(Eds.),Attitudes:Insights from the new implicit measures (pp.230-250). NY:Psychology Press.Eagly,A. H.,& Chaikens,S. (1993). The psychologyof attitudes. Orlando, FL: Harcourt BraceJovanovich.Fazio,R.H.,Jackson,J.,Dunton,B.,& Williams,C.(1995). Variabilityin automatic activation as anunobtrusive measure of racial attitudes:A bonafide pipeline? Journal of Personality and SocialPsychology, 69 ,1013-1027.Fazio,R. H.,Sanbonmatsu,D.M.,Powell,M.C.,&Kardes, F. R. (1986). On the automatic activationof attitudes. Journal of Personality andSocial Psychology, 50,229-238.Greenwald,A.G.,& Farnham,S.D. (2000). Usingthe Implicit Association Test to measure self-